Virgil w



(Nd Model.)

V. W. BLANCHARD.

GAS STOVE.

. Patented Oct. 6, V1896.

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UNITED STATES VIRGIL YV. BLANCHARD,

PATENT OEEICE.

OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GAS-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 569,086, dated October 6, 1896.

Application iiletl March 13, 1896.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, VIRGILW. BLANCHARD, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Stoves 3 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and numerals of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

This invention is an improvement in gasburning heating-stoves; and its object is to increase the air-consuming capacity of such stoves and thereby attain greater economy in their operation, more complete comsumption of the combustible gases in the fuel burned, and as a result increased heat.

The invention therefore consists in the combination and construction of parts hereinafter claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical section through the improved heater adapted for consuming ordinary illuminating or heating gas. Fig. 2 is a detail.

A designates a small upright cylinder, closed at bottom by a cap A', having a laterally-projecting iiange A2, which is T-shaped in cross-section.

B B designate legs supporting the cylinder and attached to the flange by means of bolts B and clamp-pieces B2, said bolts passing through radiating arms o, which support a foot-ring b', the ends of the arms and the clamp-pieces being shaped to bind the ends of Vthe legs and the edge of iiange A2, las shown, and thereby hold the parts together. Through the center of cap A' is screwed a short pipe-section a, on the upper end of which is a screw-cap a', into which is screwed an upstanding pipe C, having a burner C on its upper end and perforations c near its lower end, beside a gas-tip c, screwed into the lower end of pipe C.

On the lower end of section a is screwed an elbow a3, to which is connected a valved joint at, which may be connected by a flexible or o ther pipe to a gas supply. Fitted to the bottom of cap A is a plate A4, which can be rotated, and there are openings in the cap A and plate which when the plate is turned Serial No. 583,719. A (No model.)

inder. In the cylinder, opposite the burner C', is an opening A, which can be closed by a ring-valve A7, as indicated. in the drawings.

On the upper end of cylinder A is supported a large pan-shaped casing D, within which is a slightly-smaller deflector E, which is centered and supported in casing D by studsD in such manner that an air-space l is lett between the casing and deiie'ctor, as shown, this space communicating with the interior of cylinder A, as shown.

Set within a central opening in detlector E is a short upright tube e, which depends slightly below the defiector and is supported therein by a lateral iiange c', and near the lower edge of tube e is an internal flange e2, on which is supported a removable annulus e5. Vithin detlecto'nE is a combustion-'chamber F, formed by a pan-shaped vessel slightly smaller than detlector E, and supported and centered on the flange e of tube e, which projects upward cent rally in chamber F, as shown. A second air-passage 2 is formed between the combustionchamber and deiiector, and communicates with passage 1 over the top edge of deector.

YVithin chamber F and over tube e is a dome G, which is considerably larger than the tube and has a laterally-projecting flange G nearf its lower edge, which is provided with radiating studs G2, by which the dome is centered in chamber F. In the ceiling of the dome, just over tube e, is a central cavity g, within which are a number of depending studs g', which almost enter the end of tube c, these studs being arranged, as indicated in Fig. 2, so as to absorb heat and retard the flow of gases. The flange G has a number of depending studs G3 on its under side for the purpose of breaking up and mixing gases which escape from the dome through passages G4 in the lower edge thereof.

Above iiange G' and fitted against the sides of chamber F isan annulus H', having a series of depending studs H', and above annulus H and fitted against the dome, is another annulus I, having depending studs I and upstanding studs I2, as shown.

In the bottom of chamber F are concentric series of perforations f f' f2 f3, and in the one way register and admit air into the cyl- ICO sides of the chamber opposite flange G and annulus I, respectively, are perforations f f4, respectively.

A cover .I is fitted to casing D and so shaped as to also tit against the upper edge of the walls of chamber F, and its center is depressed into the chamber and has a central outletopening, as shown.

The internal diameter of ring c5 determines the volume of air admitted into tube e, which should be proportioned to the size of the gastip placed in the burner-tube below. It' the volume of gas is increased by using a larger gas-tip at any time, a correspondinglylarger ring e5 should be used.

lVhen the walls of tube e are perpendicular, the ring e5 keeps the gases away from the sides of the' tube, near the ring at least. and

the upper portion of tube becomes more highly heated than the lower portion and concentrates the heat in cavity g. The studs g are heated almost instantaneously from the iiame of the burner and thereby assist materially in producing perfect combustion in the dome, especially at the time of the primary ignition of the gases, thereby preventing odors while the body of the dome is being heated.

Operation: The gas or other suitable combustible fluid is mixed with air as it flows through tube C and then is ignited at burner C. The heated products ascending into tube e draw air into cylinder A, part of the air mixing with the gases entering tube e and part iiowinginto the air-passage l. The burning gases ascend through tube einto the dome G, where they are retarded, and descend in the dome outside tube e, and at the bottom of the dome they are mixed with jets of hot air enteringthrough perforations f3. They then pass from the dome under iiange G', where they are subjected to more jets of air from perforations f f f2, and as they turn back over ange G' they receive another quota of air from jets f5, and after they pass out from under annulus I they receive another modicum of air through perforations f4. The air from passage 2 is heated by contact with the walls of chamber E and is in condition to accelerate combustion of gases when it is admitted thereto. By these means the process of combustion in the heater is progressive in character, small volumes of heated air being added to the gas in minute jets at intervals and heat developed by combustion thereof before another quota of air is added. Thereby I avoid cooling of the combustible gases and increase their temperature gradually.

The currents of burning gases being repeatedly broken or mixed by the numerous -studs in their way through the combustionchamber and by abrupt reversals of direction raise the internal structure ofthe stove to an intensely-heated condition and the combustion is so complete that no odors are generated. By this means I am able to intermingle from thirty to fifty cubic feet of air with a single cubic foot of gas and maintain the dome and internal parts at such a high temperature that approximately complete combustion of the gaseous elements is realized.

By this apparatus I not lonly burn all the carbon in the gases, but am enabled to burn a great portion, if not all, of the lighter combustible elements therein with, of course, a resultant saving in fuel and the production of higher temperature in the stove.

Inclosing the dome in the combustionchamber facilitates its heating and enables it to be easily maintained at a high temperature.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent thereon, is-' 1. The combination of a gas-burner, a tube above the same, and a dome over thetube into which the products of combustion are delivered, said dome having depending studs over the tube, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the combustionchamber, a tube therein, a burner below the tube, a dome over and partly inclosing the tube having a radial external flange and an inner cavity in which are depending studs and means for admitting air to said combustion-chamber, substantially as described.

3. The combination in a heater of a combustion-chamber, a dome therein into which the combustible fluid is delivered, a casing inclosing the dome, and a series of two or more superimposed alternately-disposed annuli in the combustion-chamber, exterior to the dome, between which the combustiug gases are successively passed, and means for injecting air at intervals into the gases, substantially as described,

4. The combination of the combustionchamber having an air passage or chamber around its walls and bottom communicating with said combustion-chamber, a dome support-ed in said chamber, a series of two or more annuli in the combustion-chamber, and means for supplying combustible fluid to the dome, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the combustionchamber, a dome therein having a lateral flange near its lower edge, an annular ring on the side of casing above the liange, and another annulus surrounding the dome above the ring; with means for admitting combustible fluid to the dome and means for admitting air to the combustion-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination of the combustionchamber, a dome therein having a lateral iange near its lower edge, an annulus on the side of casing above the iiange, another annulus surrounding the dome above the ring, said flange, ring and annuli being studded substantially as described, and means for injecting air into the gases passing from the dome past the flange, ring and annuli, with means for admitting combustible fluid into the dome, substantially as and for the pur' pose set forth.

7. The combination of the combustiom loo IIO

chamber,the casing; a tube supported therein projecting into the combustion-chamber, a dome in the combustion-chamber, inclosing the tube, and two or more annuli surrounding said dome, with means for admitting air into the gases in the combustion-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. The combination of the deliector E, the tube e therein, the combustion-chamber F within detiector E, the dome G, having flange G in chamber F, and the annuli H and I, surrounding the dome and means for admitting combustible tiuid to the dome and means for admitting air to the combustion-chamber substantially as described.

9. The combination of the combustionchamber F, casing D, and detlector E; dividing the space between the chamber and casing into ai r-passages which communicate with the combustion-chamber, the tube e supported on deiiector E and projecting into the combustion-chamber; the dome G in the combustion-chamber, over tube e, having ange G', and the annuli H and I; exterior to the dome; with the burner below the ltube, and means for supplying gas and air to the burner, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

l0. The combination with the cap A' having lateral T-flange A2, the legs B, and the arms h; with the bolt B and clip-plates B2 for securing the legs and arms to the flange, substantially as described.

ll. The combination of the cylinder, the burner therein; the casing D supported on the cylinder, the combustion-chamber in said casing, the tube in said chamber above the burner, the dome superimposed over the tube having a cavity in its ceiling7 and a lateral flange; and the annuli H and I in the combustion-chamber exterior to the dome, and means for admitting air to the combustionchamber for the purpose and substantially as described.

l2. The combination of thecylinder, the gas-burner therein, the casing D on the upper end of cylinder, the combustion-chamber F in the casing, the deiector E between the casing and combustion-chamber, dividing the space between the chamber and casing into air-passages communicating` with the combustion-chamber and the tube above the burner passing through the casing and dellector into the combustion-chamber; with the dome G over said tube, one or more annuli surrounding the dome; said annuli being studded, substantially as described.

13. The combination of the cylinder, the removable tube C therein having a gas-tip at one end and a burner at the other; the casing D, deflector E and combustion-chamber F supported on said cylinder; and the tube e above the burner 'having a removable ring e5; with the dome G in the combustion-chamber having internal cavity g, studs g, and external studded lange G'; the studded annulus H above the iiange, the studded annulus I above annulus H, the cover; and perforations in the walls of the combustionchamber for admitting jets of air into the burning gases therein, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I ax my signature in presence of two witnesses.

VIRGIL W. BLANCHARD.

Witnesses:

T. H. ALEXANDER, JAMES R. MANSFIELD. 

